THE SINAI COVENANT: MOSES

20/10/2015

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THE SINAI COVENANT: MOSES

The call of Moses (Exodus 3:1-22)

The call of Moses took place as follows;

Moses had gone to look after his father-in-law’s flocks near Mt. Horeb/ Mt. Sinai which means mountain of God.
An angel appeared to him as a burning bush which was not being consumed.
Moses moved near to see what was happening and God called him by his name in the middle of the Burning bush.
He was instructed not to move any closer and to remove his shoes because the place where he was standing was Holy ground.
God assured Moses that he was the God of Abraham, Isaac and Jacob.

Moses hid his face because he was afraid to look at God.
God told him he had seen the suffering of his people (Israelites) and was ready to liberate them from Egypt.
God commanded Moses to go to Egypt to free the Israelites.
Moses protested that he was not worthy but God gave him the assurance that;

God would protect him and be with him.
They would worship God at Mt. Sinai after leaving Egypt.

Moses asked God what his name was and God replied, “I am who I am,” meaning:

God was what He was in the past and will always be the same i.e. God is eternal.
God does not change with time or situations.
There is no human description of God.

God then assured Moses that the Israelites would respond positively while Pharaoh would be stubborn until several miracles were done.
Moses was given two signs as a proof that he was God’s messenger.

His rod/ walking stick/ staff turned into a snake;
His hand was affected by leprosy.

Moses being a stammerer was given Aaron as his spokesperson.
Moses later left for Egypt with his family.

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SELECTED ASPECTS IN AFRICAN RELIGIOUS HERITAGE

19/10/2015

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SELECTED ASPECTS IN AFRICAN RELIGIOUS HERITAGE;

African concept of God, Spirits and Ancestors
a) God

All African communities believe in a supreme being who is the origin and sustainer of all things.
He is the creator of the universe and all that it contains.
All Africans agree that nobody has ever seen God.

Attributes of God as understood by African people

God is the creator of the universe and everything in it.
God is a provider. He provides and sustains his creation.
God is merciful. He removes suffering from communities.
God is all powerful / omnipotent. He has power over all creation and controls nature.
God is holy/ pure seen from the nature of sacrifices and the purity of the people involved in sacrificing.
God is all-knowing /omniscient. He knows and sees everything e.g. Zulu of South Africa refer to him as the “wise one”.
God is everywhere/ omnipresent in the universe e.g. when a person is on a journey, members of the family ask God to be with the person.
God is immanent because he is not limited to space and time. He is both very far and very near.
God is transcendent. He is beyond human description/beyond human comprehension and cannot be limited.
God is self-existent. He exists on his own and existed before creation. He continues to exist.
God is a spirit. He has no physical form and is invisible.

God is everlasting/eternal. He is immortal and lives for ever.
God is good. He is not evil and did not create evil.

(b) African concept of spirits

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FACTORS CONTRIBUTING TO HARMONY AND MUTUAL RESPONSIBILITY IN THE AFRICAN COMMUNITY

18/10/2015

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FACTORS CONTRIBUTING TO HARMONY AND MUTUAL RESPONSIBILITY IN THE AFRICAN COMMUNITY

They include;
(i) Political ties.

Power and authority is exercised and shared among clan leaders and elders.
This enhances a peaceful co-existence among community members.

(ii) Communal ownership of property.

Land and other resources are owned by community.

(iii) Division of labour.

Done according to age, gender and social status.
Ensures that all members participate in the activities of the community.

(iv) Communal worship.

All members are to pray and worship together and during times of crisis e.g. when there is a disaster, epidemic or serious sickness, people gather to offer sacrifices to God and ancestors/ spirits in order to appease them.
Common beliefs about God and spirits are passed on from one generation to another and are held dearly.
Members of the community try to live in harmony and peace with the departed and unborn.
Every activity in life has a religious dimension.

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THE EFFECTS OF IDOLATRY IN ISRAEL - KCSE CRE NOTES FORM 1

18/10/2015

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THE EFFECTS OF IDOLATRY IN ISRAEL

Exodus 34:22 – 23

Exodus 34:22-23 New Revised Standard Version (NRSV)
22 You shall observe the festival of weeks, the first fruits of wheat harvest, and the festival of ingathering at the turn of the year. 23 Three times in the year all your males shall appear before the Lord God, the God of Israel.

Leviticus 1

Leviticus 1 New Revised Standard Version (NRSV)
The Burnt Offering
1 The Lord summoned Moses and spoke to him from the tent of meeting, saying: 2 Speak to the people of Israel and say to them: When any of you bring an offering of livestock to the Lord, you shall bring your offering from the herd or from the flock.

3 If the offering is a burnt offering from the herd, you shall offer a male without blemish; you shall bring it to the entrance of the tent of meeting, for acceptance in your behalf before the Lord. 4 You shall lay your hand on the head of the burnt offering, and it shall be acceptable in your behalf as atonement for you. 5 The bull shall be slaughtered before the Lord; and Aaron’s sons the priests shall offer the blood, dashing the blood against all sides of the altar that is at the entrance of the tent of meeting. 6 The burnt offering shall be flayed and cut up into its parts. 7 The sons of the priest Aaron shall put fire on the altar and arrange wood on the fire. 8 Aaron’s sons the priests shall arrange the parts, with the head and the suet, on the wood that is on the fire on the altar; 9 but its entrails and its legs shall be washed with water. Then the priest shall turn the whole into smoke on the altar as a burnt offering, an offering by fire of pleasing odor to the Lord.

10 If your gift for a burnt offering is from the flock, from the sheep or goats, your offering shall be a male without blemish. 11 It shall be slaughtered on the north side of the altar before the Lord, and Aaron’s sons the priests shall dash its blood against all sides of the altar. 12 It shall be cut up into its parts, with its head and its suet, and the priest shall arrange them on the wood that is on the fire on the altar; 13 but the entrails and the legs shall be washed with water. Then the priest shall offer the whole and turn it into smoke on the altar; it is a burnt offering, an offering by fire of pleasing odor to the Lord.

14 If your offering to the Lord is a burnt offering of birds, you shall choose your offering from turtledoves or pigeons. 15 The priest shall bring it to the altar and wring off its head, and turn it into smoke on the altar; and its blood shall be drained out against the side of the altar. 16 He shall remove its crop with its contents[a] and throw it at the east side of the altar, in the place for ashes. 17 He shall tear it open by its wings without severing it. Then the priest shall turn it into smoke on the altar, on the wood that is on the fire; it is a burnt offering, an offering by fire of pleasing odor to the Lord.

Leviticus 2

Leviticus 2 New Revised Standard Version (NRSV)
Grain Offerings
2 When anyone presents a grain offering to the Lord, the offering shall be of choice flour; the worshiper shall pour oil on it, and put frankincense on it, 2 and bring it to Aaron’s sons the priests. After taking from it a handful of the choice flour and oil, with all its frankincense, the priest shall turn this token portion into smoke on the altar, an offering by fire of pleasing odor to the Lord. 3 And what is left of the grain offering shall be for Aaron and his sons, a most holy part of the offerings by fire to the Lord.

4 When you present a grain offering baked in the oven, it shall be of choice flour: unleavened cakes mixed with oil, or unleavened wafers spread with oil. 5 If your offering is grain prepared on a griddle, it shall be of choice flour mixed with oil, unleavened; 6 break it in pieces, and pour oil on it; it is a grain offering. 7 If your offering is grain prepared in a pan, it shall be made of choice flour in oil. 8 You shall bring to the Lord the grain offering that is prepared in any of these ways; and when it is presented to the priest, he shall take it to the altar. 9 The priest shall remove from the grain offering its token portion and turn this into smoke on the altar, an offering by fire of pleasing odor to the Lord. 10 And what is left of the grain offering shall be for Aaron and his sons; it is a most holy part of the offerings by fire to the Lord.

11 No grain offering that you bring to the Lord shall be made with leaven, for you must not turn any leaven or honey into smoke as an offering by fire to the Lord. 12 You may bring them to the Lord as an offering of choice products, but they shall not be offered on the altar for a pleasing odor. 13 You shall not omit from your grain offerings the salt of the covenant with your God; with all your offerings you shall offer salt.

14 If you bring a grain offering of first fruits to the Lord, you shall bring as the grain offering of your first fruits coarse new grain from fresh ears, parched with fire. 15 You shall add oil to it and lay frankincense on it; it is a grain offering. 16 And the priest shall turn a token portion of it into smoke—some of the coarse grain and oil with all its frankincense; it is an offering by fire to the Lord.

Idol

It led to the persecution of Yahweh’s prophets. The remaining loyal followers of Yahweh were driven into hiding.
It led to the division in Kingdom as a punishment by God/Unity was undermined.
Religious syncretism developed where they worshipped both Yahweh and Baal e.g. Israelites turned to fertility gods to ensure good harvests and looked to Yahweh in times of military crisis..
Israelites broke their covenant relationship with God.
Israelites forgot the covenant of brotherhood and practice.
God raised up prophets like Prophet Elijah to help bring back the Israelites to the covenant way of life.
Famine and drought befell Israel leading to the people’s suffering e.g. 3 years drought/suffering.
Social evils such as bribery, sexual immorality and stealing became rampant.
False prophets emerged in Israel and received state protection and gave false messages.
The Israelites were defeated in battles leading to their exile in foreign countries.
They introduced new religious festivals that were not in the Mosaic Law.
The Canaanite agricultural calendar was adopted by Israel for the timing of the pilgrimage festival. (Ex 34:22 – 23).
Names of Canaanite gods were used for Yahweh e.g. El the name of the father of all gods was applied to Yahweh. The name Baal was also given to Yahweh.
Parents began naming their children after Baal e.g. one of the judges, Gideon was also named Jerubaal, which means “Let Baal contend”.
The Canaanite sacrificial system was incorporated into Israelite worship e.g. the different types of Israelite sacrifices such as peace offerings, burnt offering (Holocaust) and cereal offering (Oblation) where formerly Canaanite in origin Lev 1 and 2 but were later taken over by Israelites.
Under the influence of Jezebel, King Ahab declared Baalism a compulsory state religion. Baal was worshipped as the Lord of heavens who sustains and gives life.
Queen Jezebel ordered the destruction of the altars of Yahweh/Yahweh’s altars were destroyed/ neglected.
Emergence of weak rulers through bloody coups.
Exile to Assyria and Babylon.
The 450 prophets of Baal were made officials of the royal court in order to promote and protect the Baal religion.
The religion of Yahweh was now in danger of being destroyed. It is in this context that Yahweh raised up Prophet Elijah, a Tishbite, to return Israel to the covenant way of life.

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Outline six effects of Idolatry in Israel during the time of Elijah.

Answer

Persecution /Hostility towards God people.
Baal prophets/prophetess were brought to Israel.
Corruption/social injustice/people rejected the covenant way of worship
Israelites practiced syncretism /mixed worship of Yahweh with Baal
Drought in Israel for three and half years.
Israel lost her identity as a nation of God’s people.
Contest at Mt.carmel took place to prove the power of Yahweh.

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KING SOLOMON’S ACHIEVEMENTS AND FAILURES - KCSE CRE FORM 1 NOTES

16/10/2015

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KING SOLOMON’S ACHIEVEMENTS AND FAILURES - I KINGS 3-11

Solomon inherited the Kingdom from his father David. His task was to maintain and control a peaceful territory established by his father. Solomon prayed to God for divine wisdom in the execution of his duties as a result he made many achievements.Here are some of King Solomon’s achievements:

King Solomon

He built a Temple for God in Jerusalem as a fulfillment of God’s promises to David. (I Kings 5, 6)
He collected and composed thousands of proverbs and songs which were used in teaching and worship (3,000 Proverbs 1,005 songs) (Prov. 1:1 – 5)
He established and developed trade links with other countries which led to economic prosperity in Israel/ He was a successful merchant.
Solomon initiated industrial activities and exploited copper deposits in the area of Edom which had been conquered by David.
He developed diplomatic relations with foreign countries by marrying the daughters of the Kings of those countries e.g. Married the daughters of the Kings of Egypt, Moab, Edom, Tyre and many others I Kings 3:1, 1:1) He remained at peace with those countries.
He built up a professional army equipped with horse drawn chariots, Had 1,400 chariots and 12,000 horsemen I Kings 10:26.
He had government officials who assisted Solomon in his administrative duties. (I Kings 4)
He was a great wise man e.g.

He was able to judge difficult cases and settle disputes fairly ( in the story of two women (I Kings 3:16 – 28)
His wisdom is seen in the way he organized trade with other countries.
The queen of Sheba (Ethiopia travelled all the way to test Solomon’s wisdom. (I Kings 10:1 – 9)
Solomon brought the Ark of the Covenant to the Temple of Jerusalem which represented God’s presence among his people (I Kings 8).
He built himself a palace that took 13 years to be completed (1 Kings 7).
Solomon divided the kingdom into administrative districts in order to exploit the resources effectively.
Solomon initiated an ambitious building programme in which he fortified Jerusalem and other cities.

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THE EXODUS - kcse cre form 1 notes

15/10/2015

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THE EXODUS

Introduction

An Exodus is a mass movement of people from one place to another
The Israelites hurriedly left Egypt.
They carried with them unleavened bread.
The women took away the jewellery and clothing they had borrowed from the Egyptians as compensation for years of slavery, (had been slaves for 430 years)
The journey of the Israelites through the harsh wilderness, fighting hostile local people, was a difficult one.
Whenever they forgot the mighty deeds God had done for them God gave them a solution to their problems and restored their faith in him.
Moses served as mediator between them and God.
They were directed by God in the wilderness by a pillar of cloud during the day and a pillar of fire during the night. (Exodus 13:20 – 22, 14:19 – 20).

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THE SINAI COVENANT: MOSES

THE SINAI COVENANT: MOSES

SELECTED ASPECTS IN AFRICAN RELIGIOUS HERITAGE

SELECTED ASPECTS IN AFRICAN RELIGIOUS HERITAGE;

Attributes of God as understood by African people

(b) African concept of spirits

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THE EFFECTS OF IDOLATRY IN ISRAEL - KCSE CRE NOTES FORM 1

THE EFFECTS OF IDOLATRY IN ISRAEL

Outline six effects of Idolatry in Israel during the time of Elijah.

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THE SINAI COVENANT: MOSES

THE SINAI COVENANT: MOSES ​

SELECTED ASPECTS IN AFRICAN RELIGIOUS HERITAGE

SELECTED ASPECTS IN AFRICAN RELIGIOUS HERITAGE;

Attributes of God as understood by African people

(b) African concept of spirits

FACTORS CONTRIBUTING TO HARMONY AND MUTUAL RESPONSIBILITY IN THE AFRICAN COMMUNITY

FACTORS CONTRIBUTING TO HARMONY AND MUTUAL RESPONSIBILITY IN THE AFRICAN COMMUNITY

THE EFFECTS OF IDOLATRY IN ISRAEL - KCSE CRE NOTES FORM 1

THE EFFECTS OF IDOLATRY IN ISRAEL

​Outline six effects of Idolatry in Israel during the time of Elijah.

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KING SOLOMON’S ACHIEVEMENTS AND FAILURES - KCSE CRE FORM 1 NOTES

KING SOLOMON’S ACHIEVEMENTS AND FAILURES - I KINGS 3-11

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THE EXODUS

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THE SINAI COVENANT: MOSES

Outline six effects of Idolatry in Israel during the time of Elijah.