Scope of Guidance and Counselling according to Nasibi (2003) and Six categories of learners with special needs

About Guidance

Nasibi (2003) defines guidance as all the activities rendered by educational institutions which are primarily concerned with assisting individual students understand themselves, that is, their characteristics and potentials.

Guidance and Counselling

About Counselling

Nasibi (2003) describes counselling as offering, advising and cautioning students who may have gone astray or are out of control.

According to Nasibi (2003, p. 46), guidance and Counselling is an organized service established as an integral part of the school environment designed to promote the development of the students and assist them towards the realization of sound wholesome adjustment and maximum accomplishments commensurate with their potential. Through these services, an individual achieves greater awareness of his or her potential. Nasibi (2003, p. 52) points out that the role of the counsellor in the school setting is that of a coordinator as they coordinate the resources available in the school and the community to help a child with either psychological or health problems. The counsellor also makes, coordinates, and maintains liaison relationships with referral services. Guidance and Counselling department should also act as a liaison, representative and mediator to help create an effective learning environment. ​According to Nasibi (2003, p.111), the activities and content of a guidance and counselling programme should cover some of the areas like career talks. She adds that competent professionals should regularly be invited to talk to students in schools on career opportunities, university education requirements for careers, prevailing socio-economic conditions and their effect on career opportunities.

Six categories of learners with special needs

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